Mental Health and Loneliness Among The Aged In Wamba Local Government Area, Nasarawa State, Nigeria

Abstract

Mental health and loneliness have emerged as critical public health concern among the aging population, particularly individuals aged 70 years and above. As people advance in age, they often face a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and social changes that can predispose them to mental health challenges. This study examined mental health and loneliness among the aged (70 years and above) in Wamba Local Government Area, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. The objectives of the study were to determine the prevalence of loneliness among individuals aged 70 years and above and examine how loneliness affects the emotions of elderly individuals. The study adopted social isolation theory and attachment theory in explaining mental health and loneliness among the aged (70 years and above). The study adopted phenomenological research design. Key informant interview (KII) with 20 key informants was employed to gather data through purposive sampling technique. Findings revealed that Loneliness significantly affects the emotional wellbeing of the elderly, contributing to increased anxiety, depression, and hopelessness. It often leads to withdrawal from social interactions with family, neighbours, and community members, altering previous patterns of engagement. Also, these emotional and behavioural changes reinforce a cycle of degradation in mental health and social engagement, demonstrating the bidirectional relationship between loneliness and psychological wellbeing. Therefore the study recommended the need to develop community-based educational programs to increase awareness among the elderly and their families about the emotional dimensions of loneliness, encouraging open discussion of feelings and experiences. Family and community members should be encouraged maintaining regular contact with elders, emphasizing proactive outreach to reduce social isolation during vulnerable periods.